The submarine has revolutionized naval warfare.These vessel, which wage war beneath the waves, have progressed from the crude, steam-driven craft of American Civil War to silent submarines that can cruise for month mounting multiple warheads.The concept of submarine warfare built by French, Mersenne and Fornier in 1643, they produced quite a detail design for an armed underwater craft.
The first military submarine was Turtle in 1776 a hand powered egg shaped device designed by the American David Bushnell to accommodate a single man it was the first verified submarine capable of independent underwater operation and movement and the first to use screws for propulsion. During the American Revolutionary War Turtle operated by American soldier Sgt Ezra Lee failed to sink a British warship HMS Eagle in Hudson River New York September 1776.
The first fully capable military submarine was the electrically powered vessel built by the Spanish engineer and sailor Isaac Peral for the Spanish Navy it was launched in September 1888. This submarine had two torpedoes new air systems hull shape and propeller and cruciform external controls.Its underwater speed was 10knots.
When fully charged it was the fastest submarine yet built with performance levels except for range that matched or exceeded German submarine - U boat. In June 1890 Peral submarine launched a torpedo under the sea.It was also the first submarine to incorporate a fully reliable underwater navigation system. However conservative in the naval hierarchy terminated the project despite two years of successful tests.
